Marius c



' M.,c.-A. LATQUR 7 AUDIO" on WP RELAY 0R PLIFYING APPA HATUS Original Filed July 2, 1918 INVENTQR Reis'sued Nov. 9, 1 926 Re. UNITED STATES" PATENT; OFFICE,

' names c. a. LATOUR, or sax sanasrmn, Brant, Assrerron' "IO mrotm som onev rrou, or JERSEY CITY, NEW masnr, a conrona'rron or DELAWARE.

AUDIOH OB LAMP DELAY OR AMPLII XING APPARATUS.

en ine In: 1,584,701, dbted m 11, use, Serial n 243,030, fled an an, isla d in mm: October a,

* 1916. Application for reissue flea September 15, 1928.; Serial Io. 13 ;895.

ammo UNDEB THE PEOVIBIOIS 01' m ACT OF MAI-GK 8, 1981, 41 513113. 12., 1813.)

This invention, relates to an improvement ,fiedis led to the grid and the negative pole in or modificationof the invention described of the filament of'the audion 1. The high- .Y in my Patent No. 1,405,523, filed December fretpiency transformer 7 permits of a second 28, 1917. hig i-frequency am lification by means of 6 In my patent above referred to the means the audion 2, and t e .highirequency transof obviating undesirable noises in the 8.111; former. 8 enables the grid-filament circuit plifierswas indicated. Nevertheless in pracof the audi'on 3, which operates as a detice the number of successive amplificatrons tector, to be supplied with current which isthat can be effected by connecting several led 'to the positive terminal of the filament 10 audions or thermionic relays in cascade with and to the grid through a small capacity transformers provided for frequencies of the 11 shunted by a high resistance.

same order of magnitude is limited. There 'l he ratio of transformation ofthe transcomes atime when undesirable noises occur, former 8 ispreferably made greater than a in s ite of the precautions taken. unit i I I v 1 '1 e object of the present invention is to '1 1e lmv-frequency transformer 9 provides indicatea process enabling the number of for a low-frequency amplification stage by successivehmplifications that may be effected .mca'ns of the audion 4, the plate-filament,

in practice to be increased, for the purposecircuit of which supplies current to the-tele-v of reception in wireless telegraphy. It com phone either directly, as illustrated in 4 20 i ts in onnecting first oftall in cascade'a .the drawing, or bymeans of a special trans- ,certain number of audions or thermionic former 15, Fig.1. 1

relays with a view to amplifying the high The introduction of "a low-frequency amfrequency signal current by utilizing, as inpllfication at the last stageallows 0f the dicated in the main application, for examstoppage of all high-frequency current 2 ple, transformers with magnetic circuits of which would otherwise reach the telephone iron constructed for high frequenc Then headpiece and cause sustained oscillations. when the maximum number of iigh-fre- \Viththe sameobject, i'. e.,'the stoppage of q'ucncy amplifications that can in this'wa all high-frequency current, capacities, '12, an be elfccted' in practice has been reache 13 14 7 arranged sh n 0 the-Pri- 30 i t ti a th hi h-fr q ncy r t by,n'1ary of the low-frequency transformer, the one of the nown recesses and in continu-v secondary Ofthis transformer, and the tele' ing then to am li y the signal by a series phone headpiece, respectively. 1 of audions or t ermionic relays connected These capacities provide a shunt path for as in cascade as described in the main appli-v thehlgh-fr'equeney currents without causing 35 cation with transformers constructed for serious disturbances in the low-frequency l f qu ncy amplification The capacity 13 arranged be- Figures 1 and. 2' of the drawing accomtween the g and the fi of the panying the present specification lllustrate dion 4 is particularly efiicacious for the u-r- W di ti lly th n tru tio of the pose of preventing oscillation. .If high-i 4o arrangements indi at d b vg frequency oscillation occurs for certain-wave Figure 1 shows the connection of a spelengths a resistance 16 will be then con.-. cial transformenforthe telephone indicated nected in parallel either on the primary or in Figure -1. the secondary of the high-frequency trans In, Figure 1 a similar combination is illus-- formers in order to introduce the necessary trated, having only four audions or therdamping. Acoupling may be established mionic relays'l, 2, 3, 4, hereinafter referred "between the plate circuit of the 'detector to as audions, the filaments of which are audion and the receiving circuit or any heated by the battery 5 and the plate cirintermediate circuit. of the series for the cults of which aresupplied-with'currem by purpose of providin an arrang ment which 5 one and the same source of continuous curpermits the hetero yne reception of conr- .rent 6., i .i tinuous waves. v

The high-frequency currentto be 'ampli- -In particular, ,as shown in Figure 1,

there'may be connected between the grid and the filament of the first audion the secprimary coil could be 'ilar amplifier,

ondary of a transformer 18 of which the primary is coupled with the plate circuit of the detector audion. Alternativelythis coupled with the plate circuit ofthe preceding audion.

The inductance of the secondary of the transformer 18.will be such that it does not damp there'ception to an appreciable extent. All the combinations that I have described may be provided in one and the same piece of apparatus, which occupies little space and does not necessitate any special regulation. 7

The same audions may be utilized, in a simfor the amplification in certain high-frequency ,stages and in certain low-frequency stages. The accompany ing Figure 2 shows the arrangement of such an-amplifier, accordingto' the present invention. In thisfigure the amplifier comprises three audions, 1, 2, 3, the filaments of which are heated by the battery 5 and the latefilament circuits supplied with current common battery 6. The current to be amplified is introduced between the grid and the filament of the audion 1.' It is then introduced throughthe secondar' of the transformer 7 into the audion 2, whic amplifies it afresh, and it is finally conducted to the audion 3 through the transformer 8'. The audion 3 (playsthe part of detector, and consequently etectedcur'rent, that is to say ow-frequency current, flows between plate and its, filament. This low-frequency current is transformed into the secondary the transformer 9 inserted between the grid and the filament of the audion 2, which amplifies the low-frequency current afresh. In this way the audion 2 amplifies first of all the high-frequency current, and then the low-frequency current which is ultimately heard in the tele hone receiver 10. In order to shunt the big '-frequency current around the windings of I ed across the terminals of these windings.

by Letters Patent of the In a general way,

as many stages of lowfrequenc the combination of a plurality of thermionic relays arranged in cascade and including a high-frequenc am lifier relay, a low-freuency ampli er re ay and an intermediate 1; ermionic detector relay, means .for coupling said relays comprising transformers coupling the output circuit of each ofsaid relays to the'input of the succeeding relay, a

y the high-frequency its the low-frequency transformer 9,-capacities 12 and 13 are connectcommon sourcefor supplying space current to all of said relays, a condenser shuntlnga winding of the transformer coupling said detector relay with said low-frequency amplifier relay whereby high-frequency current s diverted from said low-frequency relay and the tendency to the production of hig frequency oscillations through the use of said common source is reduced, and supplemental means for preventing high-frequency oscil lations.

2. In a high frequency signaling system, the combination of a plurality of thermionic relays arranged in cascade and including a thermionic detector relay following a thermionic amplifier relay, a common source fq supplying space current to all of said relays, and means for coupling the output circuit of each'of said relays to the input circuit of the succeeding relay, the input. circuit of said detector relay at leastbein coupled directly to the output circuit of the preceding relay through a transformer havin a core of magnetic material adapted to amp out liigh-fre uency oscillations which tend to be produce through the use of said common source.

3. In a high-frequency signaling system,

cuit of each of said relays to the input circuit of thejsucceeding relay, the input circuit of said detector coupled directly to the output circuit of the preceding relay through a transformer hav- 1ng a core of magnetic material adapted to uency oscillations which through the use of said pling. the output' circuit of each of said re- I the succeeding" ays to the input circuit of relay, and a capacity in shunt with the coupling means connected in the output circuit of said detector relay, whereby hi h-frequency [current is, diverted from sai lowfrequency relay and the tendency to the production of high-frequency oscillations through the use o fsaid connnon source is reduced, the in ut circuit of said detector ,relay at least in coupled directly to the output circuit of t e preceding relay through a transformer having a core of magnetic v lays, and means for coupling the output cir- I equency amplifier relay, and an in--- relay, a. common source 7 current to allof-sa1d reloo relay at least being material adapted to effectually damp out high-frequenc oscillations.

'5. In a big -frequency signaling system,

the combination of a plurality of thermionic relays arranged in cascade and'including a the output circuit thermionic detectorrelay following a thermionic amplifier relay, means for coupling of each of said relays to the input circuit of the succeeding relay,

in and a transformer coupling the output cirnals are passed ,a plurality of times through :5 at least one'of said relays, the input circuitout high-frequenc amplifying anew 4 from the low-frequenc production of of said detector relay at least being coupled directl to the output circuit of the preceding re ay through a transformer having a core of magnetic material adapted to damp oscillations which tend to be produced thr ugh said coupling] of the output of the last of said relaysto t e input circuit ofa preceding relay.

6. In the reception of signals'of highuency with a thermionic relay system 1n-' clu ing a plurality of cascaded thermionic relays depending on space current, a method which consists in amplifying current at highfrequency, then lowering the frequency then the current at the lower frequency thus obtained, supplying space current to all of said relays. from a common source, diverting high-frequency current circuits, whereby the ighrequency oscillations through the use of said common sou'rce'is reduced, and introducing reactions supplementing said diversion to effectually prevent high-frequency oscillations. v

7. In the reception of signals of highfrequency with a thermionic relaysystem including a plurality of cascaded thermionic Y relays depending on space'current, a method which consists in supplying space. current tofall of said relas from a common source,

substantially aperiodically amplifyin oscillations of high-frequency,said aperio ic amoli-fication adapted to damp out.highfrequency osci tions-which tend to be produced through: theyuse of said common source, thenlowering the frequency, and

. then amplifying anew the oscillations at the 7 lower frequency thus obtained.

of high-frequency Sig '8. In the reception nals with a thermionic relay system including a plurality of cascaded thermionic relays depending on space current, a method which consists in passing the received highfrequency current through a plurality of 9' thermionic amplifying relays 'to amplify such current at-a first order of frequencies,

" rent to a second =order'of then in lowering the frequency of such curuencl'es sulficiently removed from the received frequencies to permit ready separation ofthe two orders of frequencies, then 1n passing cur rent'of the second order of frequencies thus 1 obtained again through'one of said relays to obtain further amplification of such current at the second order of frequencies, supplying space current to all of said relays from a common source, and preventing high-freuency. osclllations which tend to be prouc'ed through the use of said common source and through the-use of one of said vrelays to amplify currents at two orders of the frequencies 0 such current to a second order of frequencies sufliciently removed from the received frequencies to permit ready separation of the ."two orders of frethen in passing current of the second order of frequencies thus obtained again through one of said relays other than the first of the cascade to obtain further amplification of such current at the second order of frequencies, supplying space current to all of said relays from a common source, and preventing high-frequency oscillations which tend to beproduced through the use of said common source and through the use of one of said relays to amplify currents at two orders of frequencies.

. 10. In'the reception of high-frequency signals with a thermionic relay system including a plurality of cascaded thermionic 'relays depending on space current, a method which consists'in supplying space current to through a plurality of thermionic relays to substantially aperiodically amplify suchcurrent at a first order of frequenciesthen in lowering the frequencies of such current to :1- second order of frequencies sufiicie tly removed from the received frequen s to per mlt ready separation of the two orders of frequencies, and then in passing current of the second order of frequencies thus obtained t e first of the cascade to obtain further amplification of such current atthe second relays to amplify current at two orders of 1 frequencies. Y 1 V Y Y I 11; In a svstem consisting of a plurality of thermionic relays of the audion. type arranged in'cascade, the method of receiv-' a ain through one of said relays other than a ing radio signals and of obtaining- :1 hi

glier degree of' 'amplification of such signals t an ISPQSSlblG with amplification at frequencies of one order of magnitude only, with a mimmum of current sources for sald' relays, and

without the occurrence of disturbing noises,

which comprises introducing reactions pposing the production of disturbing; highfrequency current into sound waves.

frequency oscillations in the system, successively amplifying the signal current at high frequency to a higher degree than would be possible without the production of oscillations in the absence of said opposing reactions, detecting the amplified high frequency signal current, amplifying the detected signal current at low frequency, supplying space current to all of said rela s rom a common source, diverting hig 1- frequency current from the low-frequency circuits, whereby the production of highfre uency oscillations through the use of sai common source is substantially prevented, and translating the amplified low- 12. In'a system consisting of a plurality of thermionic relays of the audion type arranged in cascade, the method of receiving rad mfsignal's and of obtaining a higher degree of 'amplificationof such signals than is possible with amplification at frequencies of one order of magnitude only, without the occurrence ofv disturbing noises, which comprises introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbing high-frequency oscillations in the system, successively am plifying the signal current at high frequency to the highest degree po:sible without the production of oscillations which tend to be produced in spite "of the introduction of said op osing reactions, detecting the amplified igh-frequency signal current,

amplifying the detected signal currentat low frequency, and translating the amplified low=frequency current into sound waves.

13, In a system consisting of a plurality of thermionic relays of the audion type arranged in cascade, the method of receiving radio signals and. of obtaining a higher de- -'gree of amplification of such signals than is possible with amplification at frequencles 0f oneorder of magnitude only, without the occurrence ofdisturbing noises, which comprises introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbing high-frequency oscillations in the system, successively amplifying the signal current at high frequency to a higher degree than would be possible without the production of oscillations in .the absence of said opposing'reactions, de-

tecting the amplified hlghrfrequency signal current, introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbances at low frequency successively a-m lifying the detected signal current at low requency to a higher degree than would be possible without the duction of said reactions opposin low frequency disturbances, and translat ng the amplified low-frequency current into sound waves.

14. In a system-consisting of a plurality of thermionic relays of the audion type arranged in cascade, the method of receiving radio signals and of obtaining a higher degree of amplification of such signals than is possible with amplification at frequencies of one order of magnitude only, Without the occurrence of disturbing noises, which com prises introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbing high-frequency. oscillations in the system, successively amplifying the signal current at high frequency to the highest degree possible'without the production of oscillations which tend i to be produced in spite of the introduction of said opposing reactions, detecting the amplified high-frequency signal current, introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbances at low fre uency, successively am lifying the detecte signal current at low frequency to a higher degree thanwould be possible without'theintroduction of said reactions opposing low-frequency disturbances, preventing 'hig' -frequency current fromaffecting the low-frequency amplifying step, and translating the amplified low-frequency current into sound waves.

v 15. In a system consisting of a plurality 'of thermionic relays of the audlon type arranged in cascade, the method of receiving radio si als and of obtaini'g' a-hig her degree 0 amplification of such si als than s poss1blew1th amplification at requencies of one order of magnitude only, without the occurrence of disturbing-noises, which comprises introducing damping to prevent disturbing highf're uency oscillatlons in the system, successive y amplifying the signal current at high frequency to a h1 than would be possible without t eproduction of. oscillations in the absence of said damping, detecting the amplified hi 'h-f-reher degree quency signal current, amplifying t e detected si venting ig -frequency current from a ect ing the low-frequency amplifying step, and translating the rent into sound waves.

16. A thermionic relay system for receiving radio signals wherein a higher degree of amplification of such si als.is obtained than 1s possible with amp l i quencies of one order of-.ma;gnitude only, without the occurrence of disturbing noises, comprising a plurality of transformercoupled thermionierelays of the audion type in cascade circuit arrangement, means for introducing reactions oplpgsi'ng the produc- I 7 requency oscillation of disturbing hig tions in the system, means including 'a. certainplurality of c rcuits,.transform ers :11 current at low frequency, re- 1 amplified low-frequency cur signal current and relays for successively amplifyin the at high frequency to the ighest de ree possible without the production of distur ing oscillations which tend to be produced in spite of said means introducing reactions, means'including one of said relays with its circuits for detecting the amplified signal current, means opposingthe production of disturbances at low frequency in the system, means including a certain plurality v of said relays, transformers and circuits for successively amplifying the detected signal current at low frequency to a higher degree than would be possible without said means opposing the production of low-frequency disturbances, means for preventing highfrequency signal current from passing through said last-mentioned transformers,

and means for translating the amplified lowfre uency signal current into sound. waves. 1 A thermionic relay system for receiv--.

ing radio signals wherein a higher degree of amplification of such signals is obtained than is possible with ampli cation at frequencies of one order of magnitude only,without the occurrence of disturbing noises, comprising a plurality of transformer-coupled thermionic relays of theaudion type in cascade circuit arrangement, means including said. transformers for introducing reactions opposing the production of disturbr g high-frequency formers and relays for successively amplify 3a the highest degree oscillations in the system, means' including a certain plurality of said circuits, transing the signal current at high frequency to possible without the roduction of distur ing oscillations w ich tend to be produced in spite of said means introducing reactions, of said relays with its circuits for detecting means including one the amplified signal current,means including certain of said transformers for preventing disturbances at low frequency in the system, means including a certain p uralityof'said relays, transformers and circuits for successively amplifying the detected signal current at low frequency, means associated with certain of said last-mentioned transformers for preventing high-frequency signal current from passing therethrough, and

means for translating the amplifiedlow-frequency signal current into sound waves.

18. Athermionic relay system for receiving radio signals wherein a higher degree of amplification of such signals. is obtained than is possible with amplification at frequencies of .one order of magnitudeonly, without the occurrence of disturbing noises, comprising a plurality of transformercoupled thermionic relays ot the audion type in cascade circuit arran ement, resistance damping means associate, said transformersfor introducing) reactions opposing the production of distur ing high-' frequency'oscillationsin the system, means including a certain lurality of said circuits, transformers an relays for successive ly amplifying the signal current at high frequency to the highest degree possible without the productiomof disturbing oscillations which tend to be-produced in spite ofsaid means introducing opposing reactions,mea .ns

including one of said relays with its circuits for detecting the amplified signal current, a thermionic relay for amplifying the with; certain of tected signal current at low frequency, and

means for translating thev amplified lowfrequency signal currentinto sound waves.

MARIUS o. A. LATOUR, 

